Takahashi, Tomoko
Nishiura, Hiroshi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (19HA1003, 20CA2024, 20HA2007, and 21HB1002)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP20fk0108140 and JP20fk0108535)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (17H04701 and 21H03198)
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JPMJCR1413)
Strategic International Collaborative Research Program (JPMJSC20U3 and JPMJSC2105)
Article History
Received: 7 October 2021
Accepted: 15 October 2021
First Online: 20 October 2021
Declarations
:
: We analyzed data that are publicly available from the nationwide surveillance system, Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance [CitationRef removed], and the analysis of publicly available data with no identifiable information did not require ethical approval. This complies with the national guideline, “ethics guideline for life science and medical research studies involving human subjects” (ExternalRef removed).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.